The choice of drugs. For the prevention of neonatal ophthalmia gonokokkovoy 1%-mounted solution of silver nitrate in ampoule containing 1 dose, or a package containing 1 dose of eye ointment 0.5% case erythromycin or 1% case tetracycline, it is equally effective and acceptable. The effectiveness of erythromycin and tetracycline in preventing ophthalmia caused by penitsillinazoprodutsiruyuschey N. gonorrhoeae, has not been established. For penitsillinvospriimchivyh gonokokkovyh ophthalmia intramuscular penicillin G (50 thousand ED for donoshennyh children and 20 thousand ED for infants with low weight at birth) is also effective for prevention.
Hlamidialnaya ophthalmia newborns, although not as severe as gonokokkovy conjunctivitis, often found in the United States. In many parts of frequency equal to or greater than the frequency gonokokkovoy ophthalmia, but the best means to prevent hlamidialnogo conjunctivitis is not defined. Therefore, silver nitrate, erythromycin and tetracycline, the local, it is equally acceptable for treatment, while silver nitrate can cause chemical Bullous dermatoses.
Application. Prior to the use of local prevention, each eyelid should be carefully threadbare sterile cotton wool. 2 drops of 1% solution of nitrate or 1 to 2 cm ribbons ointment containing the antibiotic should be placed in a lower konyunktivalny bag. Then gently massage ever, to spread the ointment. After 1 minute of excess solution or ointment may be threadbare sterile cotton wool. None of preventive medicines should not wash out his eyes after the introduction. Research has not determined whether changing the effective prevention of silver nitrate, depending on the run-off, but some reports suggest that the erosion may reduce the effectiveness of prevention. In addition to the corrosion would probably not reduce the opportunities for the development of chemical konyuktivitov. Prevention should take place immediately after birth. While some suggest that prevention can be used more effectively in the House for newborns than in the delivery room, no studies revealing the impact of the postponement on its effectiveness. However, prevention is delayed until 1 hour after birth, probably does not affect the performance. Hospitals, where prevention is delayed, should organize a system of checks to make sure that all children have been treat.
Babies born by Caesarean section, also should receive prophylaxis against neonatal ophthalmia. While gonokokkovaya and hlamidialnaya infection is usually transmitted to the child in passing through a generic channel, may also meet infection go through. The risk of these infections have nelechennyh babies born by Caesarean section, is not precisely defined.