Clinical manifestations. The most often diarrhea, characterized by sharp start, watery chair and spastic pain in the abdomen. Approximately half of ill will be low temperature, headache and chills, about 30% will be vomiting. Spontaneous healing occurs through 2-5 days. Microbiemia happens rarely.
The infection can develop in contaminated wounds. Complications include skin necrosis, microbiemia and death. The latter happens in patients with depressed immune.
Etiology. Vibrio are aerobic gram-negative chopsticks. The most important neholernym of the species is Vibrio V. parahaemolyticus, most frequently associated with diarrhea. This type produces agglutinin and shigellopodobny tsitotoksin. V. vulnificus, V. alginolyticus and other commonly associated with wound infection.
Epidemiology. Neholernye vibrio often found in seawater, their number increases during the summer. Most infections occur in summer and autumn. Enter usually acquired by eating raw or under-sea processed foods, especially oysters, crabs and shrimp. The disease is rarely transmitted from person to person. Wound infections usually occur in contact abrasions with contaminated sea water or by injections received in the preparation of contaminated fish or shells.
The average length of the incubation period, with enteritis 23 hours, with variations from 5 to 92 hours.
Dignosticheskie tests. Causative agent can be isolated from stool or vomitus patients with diarrhea, from blood and fluid from ranevogo. Since the identification of the causal agent requires special techniques, laboratory should be informed when suspected infection caused by V. parahaemolyticus.
Treatment. In most cases, diarrhea expressed little passes itself and requires no treatment other than to restore water balance. Treatment with antibiotics is shown in severe diarrhea and wound infections. Agents are usually susceptible to tsefaleksinu tetracycline (which should not give patients up to 9 years), chloramphenicol and gentamicin.
The isolation of hospitalized patients. Shown precautions for a period of illness accompanied by diarrhea. Contact precautions should be followed in the weeping wounds.
The control measures. Dishes of marine products should be appropriately prepared, and if not eaten immediately, should be stored in the refrigerator. From raw shellfish should be treated with caution. Scratches received bather in the ocean, you need a well-washed clean running water.